首页 > 作文 > 英语作文 > 英语读后感 >

野性的呼唤英语读后感

英语读后感 2021-08-21 08:18:00

  当仔细品读一部作品后,大家对人生或者事物一定产生了许多感想,是时候抽出时间写写读后感了。为了让您不再为写读后感头疼,下面是小编为大家整理的关于野性的.呼唤英语读后感(精选6篇),仅供参考,大家一起来看看吧。

  野性的呼唤英语读后感 篇1

  In the 19th century ,the west of America was under cultivation .Hundreds of adventurers were moving to the west .At the same time ,it was said that gold had been found in large quantity in Northern California ,so thousands of people went to the west for gold .There were so many people ,but in the freezing cold North ,transportation was the biggest problem .At such situation ,dogs and sleds was the best choice ,so in the North ,dogs and sleds was the main transport tools then .Of course ,millions of dogs were needed urgently ,from then on ,there were plenty of dogs like Buck began their unfortunate difficult journey life.

  The author Jack London was one of the members who went to the North for gold ,he went through the hardships of the journey himself ,witnessed the cruel and miserable life of dogs .According to his this experience ,the story of buck came into being.

  Main idea of the story

  There was a dog named Buck ,who lived a comfortable and pleasant life at a Judge Miller ‘s house in the warm South .Here ,Buck was a leader ,he in charge of Judge ‘s house ,took care of Judge ‘s grandchildren and ruled others dogs .We can say Buck had a happy time here . However ,Buck ‘s misfortune was coming .But Buck did not that at all.

  One day ,a gardener who worked for Judge took Buck out of the house when there were no people in home and sold Buck to a dog smuggler in secret .From then on ,Buck set foot on his miserable life .He was transferred from one to anther and under a bad condition all day ,he suffered from hunger ,cold ,various harm and pain .Sometimes ,Buck was beaten black and blue by human being .At the same time ,Buck must fight with other dog in order to stay alive ,finally ,Buck became very strong and made himself the leader of the whole dog team .life was always going on like this for o while .Once during a journey ,Buck was nearly dead ,then he met his master Jhon Thorton .Thorton was a perfect person who came to Buck ‘s rescue and Buck deeply loved him forever .But one day ,Thorton was killed by Indians ,Buck lost his lover and he became nothing then .Finally ,Buck responded the call of the wild and became a wolf ,lived an early wild life as his ancestors .

  From loyal dog to cruel wolf ,there were several important things in Buck ‘ life .

  The law of club given by the man of red sweater

  Buck just entered the Northen society ,he knew nothing about the world ,he behaved on his nature completely ,the man of red sweater gave him a club and let him know obeydience ,Buck learned this lesson for his whole life .

  Buck was very angry after his terrible experience ,he resisted stubbornly and treated the man in red sweater as enemy .(in fact ,the man was ) and was going to fight with him .But the short man of red sweater was more stronger .At the man ‘s club ,Buck was almost beaten to death .It was the first time that Buck had been hit by a man ,he was greatly frightened .However ,Buck was beaten ,not broken ,he had learned an important lesson and would never forget it .In his later life ,when such situation appeared ,Buck reacted immediately and got rid of quickly .Here we can say that Buck was clever but and wise ,he learned quickly from what he had experience and others .That is to say ,Buck has some learning spirit ,he could adapt everything rapidly and get less punishment .

  The Curly accident

  Buck was shocked at a second time that was his mate Curly’ death ,he witnessed that .Curly was a good –natured dog ,she just wanted to make friends with others ,but she paid her life for that .The dog attacked Curly and other dogs immediately took part in the activity when Curly was down on the ground .Spitz also did that .

  It was a second first time that Buck had seen dogs fight like wolves .At a short moment ,a life no longer existed .Buck learned another lesson ,that was life in the North was primitive ,cruel,and no fair play ,once you were down on the ground ,it was the end of you .Here ,only the strong could survive ,one must be very careful ,the others around you might be your enemy and your opponent .I think in Buck ‘ life ,this point always plays an important role .For example ,he always kept calm minds about Spitz .

  On the other hand ,from the Curly accident ,Buck got a clear thought about Spitz ,in Buck ‘s later life ,Spitz was important .First ,Spitz was the leader of the whole team ,Buck had to follow him and avoid unnecessary conflict when he himself was not strong ,at the beginning ,it was impossible for Buck to defeat Spitz .So ,here Buck did a very good job .Second ,Spitz was a good rival for the strong ,the same for Buck .Spitz reserved Buck .As Chinese saying goes ,a strong opponent make you strong too .So Buck ‘s achievement was closely related to Spitz .

  Things gradually changed .Buck was not a good –natured one any more ,he came to realized that he was strong enough and can do the same thing with Spitz ,he always did trouble for Spitz ,the other dogs also started challenged the authority of Spitz .But for Buck ,it was far more not enough ,for he wanted was the leadership of the team .

  The life or death fight

  The final fight between Buck and Spitz came ,it was not a coincidence but a necessity .Both of them knew clearly in their inner heart ,so none of them tried to get away or avoid .They already had prepared it for a long time .At that moment ,who got the rabbit was no longer important at all .No one cared .The other dogs also knew it clearly ,at the last moment ,they all were silence and waited for something they had expected eagerly .Buck and Spitz completely understood what was going on . Whoever went down on the ground, their lives would come to an end immediately .

  At first, obviously Buck had no advantage at all ,he already wounded badly .But we know ,Buck was always different ,he promptly changed and Spitz did not notice that .Finally ,the battle came to an end with Spitz went down .The following other dogs would do ,Buck himself just stood far away saw what happened ,as he had witnessed what happened to Curly .It was Spitz who deserved such an end for only he took part in the death of Curly.

  Then Buck was a victor .First ,he revenged for Curly ,because he deeply hated Spitz since he saw Spitz ‘s behavior in the Curly accident .Second ,he defeated Spitz and he would become the leader that he desired for a long time .Finally ,the most important one ,he was a successful winner of the primitive life and he killed a living mate by himself ,and Buck felt that kind of feeling seemed to be good ,the hot blood made Buck so excited ,the strange feeling came from Buck ‘s nature that Buck got it from his ancestors ,but Buck did not understand what it meant on earth .In fact ,Buck walked a big step towards the wild ,in his inner heart , he was very curious about the wild and he was also interested in that .

  After the battle with Spitz ,Buck tried his efforts to get the leadership of the whole team ,he showed his ability to his masters and earned their praise .For a while ,Buck’s journey life was good ,he and his team mates made a world record for rapid speed .However ,the good things finally would came to an end .Buck met three terrible masters who had no travel experience at all ,they also knew nothing about the cruel Northern world .So Thorton came to Buck .

  For the love of a man

  During the long hard journey ,only 5 of dogs were left .All of them were dead tired ,Buck was no exception of it ,he suffered a lot and almost became a dead dog .When they came to Jhon Thorton’s camp ,like his other teammates ,Buck fell down on the ground and did not try to get his feet once more .In fact ,in Buck’s inner heart he already knew something terrible would be happen ,because the route for Buck was not strange ,he came there for several times .According to his former experience and sensitive sense ,Buck decided not get to his feet though he would be beaten to death .

  The master wanted Buck to get up ,he refused .Of course ,Buck knew the result of his behavior .The club came to Buck again and again ,Buck already lost conscious .At that time ,Jhon Thorton came to Buck’s rescue ,it was a great opportunity for Buck and his fortune came .Here Buck got rid of his hard days ,his good quality in the South came to him again ,he got the true love of human being .

  Jhon Thorton did not like the person Buck had met before ,he was wise and had rich experience on life as well as on hard journey in the North .Of course ,Thorton also knew dogs and knew them very well .For Buck ,Jhon Thorton absolutely was a good master .In Buck’s inner heart ,Thorton was the most important person to him ,he gave his true love to Thorton and he would try his biggest effort to protect Thorton from harm even if it cost his life .

  Thorton to Buck’s love ,Buck had never got it from other masters ,even though Judge Miller .Between Buck and Thorton ,there was a highly and specially agreement ,they could communicate with each other by a simple eye contact , Buck could get message from looking Thorton’s eyes .As Thorton himself once said ,sometimes he afraid of this love .So their relationship defeated anything and became the most important thing .There were several examples of this .First ,bad tempered”Black” Burton hit Thornton for something ,Buck saw that and jumped to Burton throat at once .Second ,in the fall of a year ,three partners were travelling on a narrow boat through fast and rocky waters ,Thorton fell into the stream water ,the situation at that time was extremely dangerous ,Buck had jumped into action in an instant .When Thorn got saved at last ,Buck was nearly dead because of freezing cold .On seeing Buck was badly wounded in order to save himself ,Thorton moved to tears .Besides ,Buck helped Thorton again in another different manner .

  All those things showed that Buck loved Thorton very much .If anything want to hurt Thorton ,no way .But things went to a wrong a way ,when Buck came back from outside ,he found that Thorton and other living things in their camp were killed by the Yeehat Indians .Then ,Buck got mad ,a wave of great anger came over him ,he growled out loud with a terrible terrible sound but he himself did not know that he growled .”For the first time in his life he allowed his feeling to win over his cleverness and reason ,and it was because of his great love for Thorton that he lost his head .”Buck truly was a evil ,he killed the Yeehat Indians and revenged for his master .Then,Buck returned to the empty ,ruined camp .He found Thorton in the muddy pool ,there was a great emptiness in him that he never had before .

  Thorton was dead already .So ,there was nothing for Buck to leave and miss ,he was lonely again .At the same time ,Buck felt the call of the wild that striked him again and again .So joining in his old brothers was a good choice for Buck .

  The fight with the leading moose

  Buck lived alone and without help ,using his strength and power surviving in a hard and unfriendly environment where only the strong survived .Because of this ,Buck was proud of himself .So ,his longing for blood became stronger than ever ,he was a killer ,a thing that hunted other animals ,living on the things that lived .But Buck was not satisfied ,the animal he killed before were small and weak ,he wanted to challenged himself ,he needed a large strong one ,so the leading moose became his prey .During the battle with the leading moose ,Buck took full use of his power and cleverness .For ,Buck ,the battle was only an experiment ,but he wanted to know how strong he earth was and what kind of enemy he could not defeat ,the battle gave him an opportunity to fight with a real wild creature .The battle also laid the foundation for Buck’s later life .

  From the fight with the leading moose ,we could see that Buck was completely a successful winner of the primitive life .When fighting ,Buck did not attack straightly ,instead ,he used all kinds of methods to make the leading moose exhausted and feared .So ,what the leading moose wanted to do just was escaping ,for Buck ,he could defeat the leading moose .Meanwhile ,during the fight ,he himself would not hurt badly .

  As Buck had expected ,he pulled the great moose down ,we can imagine that Buck was very satisfied with himself .In fact ,it was true .When Buck killed the moose ,he did not return at once .On the contrary ,he stayed by the kill for several days ,eating ,sleeping ,enjoyed his feast .Honestly ,it is the same with our humanbeing s .When we did something successful ,we also would lost our head ,wouldn’t it ?

  From those things Buck had ever through ,we can say Buck had all the good qualities of dogs or even more .For example ,Buck could adapt quickly ,we all know life from the South to the North was very different ,but Buck got it and was a successful survivor .As a man ,three were still other results ,the right example was Hal ,Charles and Mercedes ,they not only had no experience in travelling at all but they never learned from others and their lesson .So finally ,they all had taken away by the God .

  Beside ,from a loyal dog to a wolf ,humanbeing plays an important role ,from that ,we can say human may be the most selfish creature .So in the story ,Buck to Thorton’s love was very valuable .

  野性的呼唤英语读后感 篇2

  My Call of the Wild ------ Enlightenment of The Call of the Wild " He sings a song of the younger world, which is the song of the pack." (Chapter VII The Sounding of the Wild) When the last sentence vanished from my eyes, I can still perceive an echo of a song - a wild song, which knocks up my dizzy mind that always cheerfully sink into the so-called civilized world without questioning. Wild, is no longer a symbol of the law of jungle but a headspring where streams out love, passion, bra一very, loyalty, friendship, venture, competition and tolerance all these virtues can easily be found in the Call of the Wild. Jack London (1876-1916) is a worldwide renowned novelist. His stories successfully reflect the contradictory views of man’s nature and destiny in and against the wild, and his "fight to survive" notion has gained him and his works timeless popularity, particularly, the Call of the Wild It tells a story of a gigantic dog, named Buck, who is stolen from a rich and comfortable home and forced to learn to survive as an Alaskan sled dog. Buck, at first, is too sa一vage for the company of man until he coincidently encounters his beloved master-kindhearted John Thornton. Finally, John’s incidental death breaks Buck’s last tie to the man and drives him into his long-desired wild with his pack. In the story, Buck and John simply adopt themselves to answer the call of the wild.

  When it comes to Buck’s mind that one day he will eventually lea一ve John- his master, all he wants to do is just to help him finish the gold-rush-trip. He " from then on, night and day, never put a halt, in desperation, he burst into long stretch of flight, did not to stay him (John)" (Chapter VII The Sounding of The Wild) Buck wished to remember John’s image forever, he "for two days and nights never left camp, never let Thornton out of his sight. He followed him about at his work, watched him while saw him into blankets at night and out of them in the morning…" (Chapter VII) When I read these words I just could not hold my tears bursting. Can a real man devote himself to loyalty and friendship in such a way? On the other hand, John Thornton is not only a dog-lover but also a bra一ve and venturous man. He is so straightforward and simple that makes him an accommodating man. Once he firmly roots a goal into his heart, it seems that nothing could prevent him from accomplishing it except death.

  I do not know whether the persistence is the most vital element to make a man successful, but what I know is that you are not far away from success once you occupy it. It is Jack London who plunges me into the animated wild from the hustle-and-bustle and from desperate city. There, I merely cannot deny the attraction of Buck’s bark, which enlightens me to pursue another lost half of the nature in mankind, and to dig out a true meaning of life. Dare we imagine that London intentionally employs Buck to set us a model with perfect characters (count barbarity out)? The answer is affirmed. We, as animals, are from the wild but shedding off more and more wild signs, which demonstrate us as the "uncivilized". However, who can fully guarantee that we ha一ve not overlooked some essential wild-endowed virtues?

  Especially, nowadays, it seems more crucial for us to stop looking at the post-industrialized world and to ponder for a while. When cheats, betrayals, lies, lusts and crimes stuff a materialized society, whether London uses this novel to help himself escape the reality or warn the earthy people, to us, modern man, is all the same. It appears horrible that in modern society many people are enthusiastically talking about how to build up "special relations" to the authority, deceiving and lying to each other. To them life is a mask-wearing process rather than a hard work. Every time, you browse WebPages, scandals in politics, business, the entertainment circle and even on campus crowd into your eyes. Oh, what is the essence of human beings? What is the civilization to us? Do we need to look back at where we came from? Is it good or bad for us to speak out what we think and to do what the consciences demand us to? Are we wasting talents given by the mighty nature? Be an honest, straightforward, warmhearted, emotional and responsible man or be a shrewd, cold hearted and astute hypocrite?

  While embracing the "civilized" rubbish, we are losing those good virtues, which are the calls of the wild. Once we lose them, we are to lose ourselves, and we will get nowhere. I wish this dreadful thought is totally a fallacy, but, now, it is chilling me hard. One day when I happen to stand on the top of a grand mountain to observe a boundless prairie enveloped by the sapphire firmament and combed by gusts of the rhythmical west wind, a morning sun sprinkles me her warmth and brilliance in a graceful way, however, at that moment, I am afraid that I cannot appreciate these beauties, I am a lost " civilized man" then. Please, please do not let come true while we are still able to answer the call of the wild.

  野性的呼唤英语读后感 篇3

  " He sings a song of the younger world, which is the song of the pack." (Chapter VII The Sounding of the Wild) When the last sentence vanished from my eyes, I can still perceive an echo of a song - a wild song, which knocks up my dizzy mind that always cheerfully sink into the so-called civilized world without questioning. Wild, is no longer a symbol of the law of jungle but a headspring where streams out love, passion, bravery, loyalty, friendship, venture, competition and tolerance all these virtues can easily be found in the Call of the Wild.

  Jack London (1876-1916) is a worldwide renowned novelist. His stories successfully reflect the contradictory views of man’s nature and destiny in and against the wild, and his "fight to survive" notion has gained him and his works timeless popularity, particularly, the Call of the Wild

  It tells a story of a gigantic dog, named Buck, who is stolen from a rich and comfortable home and forced to learn to survive as an Alaskan sled dog. Buck, at first, is too savage for the company of man until he coincidently encounters his beloved master-kindhearted John Thornton. Finally, John’s incidental death breaks Buck’s last tie to the man and drives him into his long-desired wild with his pack. In the story, Buck and John simply adopt themselves to answer the call of the wild. When it comes to Buck’s mind that one day he will eventually leave John- his master, all he wants to do is just to help him finish the gold-rush-trip. He " from then on, night and day, never put a halt, in desperation, he burst into long stretch of flight, did not to stay him (John)…" (Chapter VII The Sounding of The Wild) Buck wished to remember John’s image forever, he "for two days and nights never left camp, never let Thornton out of his sight. He followed him about at his work, watched him while saw him into blankets at night and out of them in the morning…" (Chapter VII) When I read these words I just could not hold my tears bursting. Can a real man devote himself to loyalty and friendship in such a way? On the other hand, John Thornton is not only a dog-lover but also a brave and venturous man. He is so straightforward and simple that makes him an accommodating man. Once he firmly roots a goal into his heart, it seems that nothing could prevent him from accomplishing it except death. I do not know whether the persistence is the most vital element to make a man successful, but what I know is that you are not far away from success once you occupy it.

  It is Jack London who plunges me into the animated wild from the hustle-and-bustle and from desperate city. There, I merely cannot deny the attraction of Buck’s bark, which enlightens me to pursue another lost half of the nature in mankind, and to dig out a true meaning of life. Dare we imagine that London intentionally employs Buck to set us a model with perfect characters (count barbarity out)? The answer is affirmed. We, as animals, are from the wild but shedding off more and more wild signs, which demonstrate us as the "uncivilized". However, who can fully guarantee that we have not overlooked some essential wild-endowed virtues? Especially, nowadays, it seems more crucial for us to stop looking at the post-industrialized world and to ponder for a while. When cheats, betrayals, lies, lusts and crimes stuff a materialized society, whether London uses this novel to help himself escape the reality or warn the earthy people, to us, modern man, is all the same.(www.zhikunedu.com) It appears horrible that in modern society many people are enthusiastically talking about how to build up "special relations" to the authority, deceiving and lying to each other. To them life is a mask-wearing process rather than a hard work. Every time, you browse WebPages, scandals in politics, business, the entertainment circle and even on campus crowd into your eyes. Oh, what is the essence of human beings? What is the civilization to us? Do we need to look back at where we came from? Is it good or bad for us to speak out what we think and to do what the consciences demand us to? Are we wasting talents given by the mighty nature? Be an honest, straightforward, warmhearted, emotional and responsible man or be a shrewd, cold hearted and astute hypocrite? While embracing the "civilized" rubbish, we are losing those good virtues, which are the calls of the wild. Once we lose them, we are to lose ourselves, and we will get nowhere. I wish this dreadful thought is totally a fallacy, but, now, it is chilling me hard. One day when I happen to stand on the top of a grand mountain to observe a boundless prairie enveloped by the sapphire firmament and combed by gusts of the rhythmical west wind, a morning sun sprinkles me her warmth and brilliance in a graceful way, however, at that moment, I am afraid that I cannot appreciate these beauties, I am a lost " civilized man" then.

  Please, please do not let come true while we are still able to answer the call of the wild.

  野性的呼唤英语读后感 篇4

  Buck is a cold resistant dog. Since childhood, he has lived in the house of judge miqin in the south of jiujinshan, and has been taken care of and spoiled by his master. In order to repay the gambling debt, Manuel, who gambled like her life, stole buck and sold it to the people who bought and sold dogs one night. Later, she was tossed and sold to the wild and cold north to do hard work. From then on, she lived a hard life. The change of Bucks life made him learn how to protect himself and survive in the world of the law of the jungle. However, Thornton saved buck from his second master. Thornton had a strong relationship with buck. After Thornton was killed by the natives, Buck avenged him and buried him. Finally buck returned to nature.

  Bucks life was originally very stable. Did he think he would struggle to survive in the dogs? But it is very brave and strong. It has endured one by one in difficult days and will never shrink back.

  The economic recession in todays society has caused many people to lose their jobs or be reduced by their employers and live a tight life. The previously stable life is no longer. Some people will also think of suicide to solve the problems of life, but there will be prosperity and adversity in life. Is it worth giving up their life in adversity? Buck still tries to survive in adversity, doesnt he?

  Bucks spirit is really worthy of our admiration. He will bravely break through whatever setbacks he encounters. But nowadays, some young people will only escape when they encounter few blows, setbacks, or difficulties in making friends, and some will choose to die to escape. These people are so stupid.

  Young people will inevitably encounter setbacks and difficulties on the road of growth. If they are unable to recover, how can they do? Young people should have the courage to take these as a kind of training. The so-called "jade is not cut into stone; No man can become a man without grinding. " The road of life is sometimes as calm as the sea, but sometimes it is full of waves. Without a road of life, it will not be rugged.

  We should know that there must be joy and sorrow in life. Buck has also experienced countless setbacks, but it has strided one by one and finally returned to the embrace of nature. Therefore, we should also believe in our ability!

  野性的呼唤英语读后感 篇5

  Any creature will encounter the change of living environment in its life, and the change of environment means that only by making changes, can it survive, continue to study and work in the new environment.

  The protagonist in this book is a dog named Buck who lives in the Lord Chancellors house. Buck lived a good life until he was stolen by the judges gardener, sold to the post office, and sent to the cold area of Alaska to pull the mail sledge. After saying goodbye to the relaxed and pleasant life, he was forced to work for others. The transformation of these two different environments was very sudden. Even buck didnt have any thinking and reaction time, and he didnt know the skills of being a snow dog( Original contribution)

  It was obvious that God played a joke on buck, but he persevered. It was not defeated by the harsh weather, nor was it defeated by its competitors. It persevered in changing its owners and jobs. This is not only because it has extraordinary perseverance, but also because it can quickly adapt to the new environment.

  If we want to adapt to an environment, we must really understand the new environment. If we go to a new school and want to integrate into the school, we must understand the learning situation of the students in the school. First of all, lets learn about the educational methods of this school. If the students Union is required to study independently, we must adapt ourselves to this atmosphere of independent learning as soon as possible. In this way, we can learn more skills and will not waste resources. The same is true in society. Only by adapting to the environment faster can we have more opportunities.

  Of course, if this new environment is bad for us, I suggest we still "go our own way" and dont let ourselves deviate from the normal track. In the current social environment, who can adapt to the changes of the environment faster, who can find the road to success faster.

  野性的呼唤英语读后感 篇6

  Today, I read the call of the wild, which can let people into the world of a dog. The dogs name is buck. It does not act as a good friend in human society, but as a wild and cruel soul role, which has benefited me a lot.

  Buck, a dog who lived in the judges house since childhood, is a hybrid of St. Bernard and Scottish shepherd. He inherited his parents weight, skeleton size and breed. He lived a carefree life until people found a yellow precious soft metal.

  After being kidnapped and trafficked, buck, who has the flavor of nobility, was severely beaten for the first time in his life. After being beaten several times, he understood a truth: I cant win if I fight with a man with a stick. A stick is a key, a key that can awaken Bucks primitive nature. Let it understand the survival law of "the law of the jungle, the survival of the fittest".

  Buck began to go into the ice and snow and pull sleds for people. His companion Parker taught him how to steal food to satisfy his hunger, because to eat, you must steal. Learned to dig a hole to keep warm from berry. But what buck learned most was a silk haired dog, which made him recall the primitive killing of his ancestors.

  The silk haired dog used to be the leader of his companions, but he challenged buck again and again to find fault. At first, Buck was tolerant again and again, but finally, Bucks instinct was activated by provocation again and again. Relying on the bite, tear and bloody and crazy tiger wolf beating of his ancestors, he became active, knocked down the silk haired dog and took the place of the leader dog.

  But once the wild was activated and awakened, the call in the forest seduced buck. It was a bleak, scary, creepy call, but buck howled happily together. The nature of primitive animals became stronger and stronger in him, which was reflected in a hunt. His endurance made buck taste his bloodthirsty desire and the pleasure of killing

  Competition in human society is the embodiment of ancient wildness, which brings the desire and barbarism of all things. Like buck, the fact tells it that when there are only conquerors and conquered in the world, the unyielding fighting spirit from the depths of nature is awakened and let it know that this is the value of life.

  But wildness is not only cruel, it also brings friendship, ancient civilization and crystallization. When Bucks last owner died, he let out a long howl. This is loyalty, sad and shocking.

  Wild, it makes the world full of vitality and pushes the world into hell. It is cunning, loyal and savage, and brings friendship. This is the real life, colorful, brilliant and endless. The call of the wild comes from the depths of the secret heart. Also let me understand the truth of "the law of the jungle, the survival of the fittest".


    标签:

    版权声明:本站内容均来自于互联网,如有侵犯您的版权,请及时联系我们,我们将尽快处理。
    Copyright 2018-2022 www.99wenzhangwang.com. Some Rights Reserved.
    九九文章网 苏ICP备19067489号-2